The quality of wires and cables affects the efficiency and stability of power transmission. Low-quality wires and cables are prone to fire, equipment damage and electric shock accidents. Strict material selection, advanced technology and enhanced quality control are required. Shuobang Cable has its own factory, and the means to improve quality include optimizing conductor structure, innovating insulation materials and intelligent production. Shuobang Cable calls for enhancing quality awareness and choosing high-quality products.

Cables are an indispensable part of power transmission and distribution systems. However, cable faults are one of the common problems in power systems.

Cable faults refer to abnormal conditions that occur during the use of cables, resulting in obstruction or interruption of power transmission. These faults may be caused by a variety of reasons, such as cable aging, external force damage, etc.

Common causes of cable faults include: cable insulation aging, insulation damage, insulation breakdown, loose joints, joint temperature rise, abnormal joint impedance, line short circuit, line break and line tripping, etc.

Common cable fault types and characteristics

1. Cable insulation fault

Insulation aging: Insulation aging is one of the common problems in cable faults. Long-term use and environmental factors will cause cable insulation aging, which will affect the effect of power transmission.

Insulation damage: Insulation damage refers to the damage or corrosion of the cable insulation layer by external force, resulting in power leakage or interruption.

Insulation breakdown: Insulation breakdown refers to the inability of the cable insulation layer to withstand voltage and current overload, resulting in power transmission interruption or equipment damage.

2. Cable joint failure

Loose joint: Loose cable joints may cause poor contact or current overload, which may lead to power transmission interruption or equipment damage.

Joint temperature rise: Cable joint temperature rise may be caused by abnormal joint resistance or current overload, which needs to be detected and resolved in time to avoid safety hazards such as fire.

Abnormal joint impedance: Abnormal joint impedance will lead to poor current transmission, which will affect the stability and safety of power transmission.

3. Cable line failure

Line short circuit: Cable line short circuit will lead to abnormal current, equipment damage and even fire and other safety accidents, which need to be repaired and maintained in time.

Line break: Cable line break will lead to power transmission interruption, affect power supply stability, and need to be repaired in time.

Line tripping: Line tripping may be caused by overload, short circuit and other reasons, which need to be promptly checked and repaired.

4. Abnormal cable insulation resistance

Insulation resistance is too low: Cable insulation resistance is too low, which may lead to poor cable insulation, which will affect the stability and safety of power transmission.

Insulation resistance is too high: Cable insulation resistance is too high, which may lead to power leakage or interruption, which needs to be detected and resolved in time.

Abnormal insulation resistance fluctuation: Abnormal insulation resistance fluctuation may be caused by cable aging or other factors, which requires timely investigation and repair.

How to prevent and solve cable failures

1. Correct cable installation and maintenance

Reasonable laying and fixing: During the cable laying and fixing process, it is necessary to follow relevant standards and specifications to ensure the safety and stability of the cable.

Regular inspection and maintenance: Regular cable inspection and maintenance are carried out to timely discover and solve potential problems and prevent failures.

Prevent external force damage: Strengthen the protection of cables to avoid external force damage, such as mechanical collision, chemical corrosion, etc.

2 Cable fault detection technology

Thermal infrared detection: By using infrared thermal imagers to detect cables, hot spots of cable faults can be found in time and measures can be taken in advance to solve the problem.

Ultrasonic detection: Using ultrasonic detection technology to detect cables, abnormal noise and fault conditions inside the cable can be found and repaired in time.

Ground resistance detection: Regularly detect the grounding resistance of the cable to ensure the normal operation of the grounding system and prevent the occurrence of cable faults.

The main purpose of underground cables is to carry electricity or information from one place to another‌, especially in urban environments. They are widely used in urban power supply systems to solve problems such as urban land shortage, heavy traffic pressure and city appearance construction. Specifically, underground cable uses include:

1. ‌Power transmission‌: Underground cables are a form of power line laying. Compared with traditional overhead power lines, underground cables have higher power supply reliability and can provide stable power supply. This is because underground cables are less disturbed by the external environment, such as strong winds, ice and snow, and contact by birds, thus reducing the occurrence of power outages and failures.

2. ‌Urban aesthetics and planning‌: With the acceleration of urbanization, there are more and more buildings, roads and other infrastructure in the city. Traditional overhead power lines will occupy a lot of space, affecting the aesthetics and planning of the city. Underground cables can be hidden underground and do not occupy ground space, which meets the needs of urban development. It can also reduce visual pollution and beautify the urban environment‌12.

3. ‌Disaster Resistance‌: Compared with overhead power lines, underground cables have stronger disaster resistance. Overhead lines are easily affected by natural disasters (such as wind disasters, ice and snow disasters), while underground cables are buried underground, which is relatively safe and can reduce the impact of natural disasters on power supply‌

4. ‌Improve power load capacity‌: With the development of social economy and people's increasing demand for power, power load is also rising. Underground cables can meet larger capacity power transmission needs and improve the transmission capacity of the power grid‌

5. ‌Improve land use value‌: In urban central areas where land resources are scarce, the use of underground cables can avoid the spatial safety distance requirements of overhead lines, thereby increasing the land use value‌.

In summary, underground cables play a vital role in urban power supply systems, not only improving the reliability and efficiency of power supply, but also promoting urban aesthetics and planning, while also enhancing the city's disaster resilience and land utilization efficiency.

1. ‌Visual inspection method‌:

This is the simplest and most direct method. First, check the appearance of the wire to see if there is obvious damage, creases or breaks. If the wire has obvious damage points, then the breakpoint is likely to be here. At the same time, pay attention to the connection of the wire to see if there is any looseness or detachment. ‌

2. ‌Resistance measurement method‌:

Use an electrical measuring device such as a multimeter to measure the resistance value of the wire. Connect the two ends of the wire to the two measuring terminals of the electrical measuring device. If the resistance value of the wire is abnormally high or infinite, it means that there is a breakpoint in the wire. By measuring the resistance value at different positions, the range of the breakpoint can be gradually narrowed, and the exact location of the breakpoint can be finally found.

3. ‌Signal injection method‌:

Applicable to wires that transmit signals such as communication wires. Professional signal generators and receivers are required. Connect the signal generator to one end of the wire and inject a signal of a specific frequency into the wire. At the other end of the wire, use a receiver to receive the signal. If the receiver cannot receive the signal or the signal strength is very weak, it means that there is a breakpoint in the wire. By gradually moving the positions of the signal generator and the receiver, the specific location of the breakpoint can be determined.

4. Short-circuit detection method:

Applicable to power lines and other wires that transmit electrical energy. Use professional short-circuit detection equipment, connect the detection equipment to one end of the wire, and then gradually apply voltage to the other end of the wire. When a short circuit is detected, it means that there is a breakpoint in the wire. By gradually narrowing the detection range, the specific location of the breakpoint can be found. It should be noted that safety must be ensured when searching for wire breakpoints.

5. Use cable fault tester:

For buried cables, professional cable fault testers can be used to find breakpoints. These testers use low-voltage pulse method and high-voltage flashover method (flashover method) detection, which can test various cable faults, and are equipped with acoustic detection method locating instruments, which can accurately determine the exact location of the fault. ‌

6. Other precautions:

When performing any form of cable breakpoint search, be sure to ensure safe operation to avoid dangerous situations such as electric shock.

If you are not sure how to operate or encounter complex situations, it is recommended to seek help from a professional electrician.

Advantages of bare wires:

•‌Low cost: Bare wires have no insulation layer and have low manufacturing costs.

•‌High mechanical strength: Bare wires have good mechanical strength and can withstand greater tension and pressure.

•‌Good conductivity: Bare wires have excellent conductivity, low resistance, and low power loss.

•‌Disadvantages of bare wires:

•‌Easily affected by the external environment: Bare wires have no insulation layer on their surface and are easily affected by natural environments such as rain, ice and snow, which may cause line failures.

•‌Easy to corrode: Bare wires are exposed to the air and are easily corroded, affecting their service life.

•‌High safety risk: Bare wires are prone to electric shock accidents and pose a threat to personal safety.

•‌Advantages of insulated wires:

•‌Weather aging resistance: Insulated wires can withstand harsh weather such as ultraviolet rays, rain and snow, and extend the service life of the line.

•‌Improve safety and reliability: Insulated wires can effectively prevent phase-to-phase short circuits caused by foreign objects and reduce the risk of personal electric shock and casualties.

•Simplify line structure: Insulated wires can simplify the line tower structure, save line materials, and beautify urban streets.

•Improve power quality: Insulated wires can reduce power outages and improve power supply utilization.

•Disadvantages of insulated wires:

•Low allowable current carrying capacity: Due to poor heat dissipation after adding the insulation layer, the allowable current carrying capacity is smaller than that of bare wires.

•Large wire diameter: Insulated wires have a larger wire diameter and take up more space.

1. Voltage level: The voltage level of medium voltage is usually between 1 kV and 35 kV, while the voltage level of high voltage is usually 35 kV and above, or above 110 kV. Specifically, the voltage range of medium voltage is roughly between 10 kV and 35 kV, while the voltage of high voltage is higher, which is used for long-distance power transmission and power supply of large power equipment.

2. Application scenarios: Medium voltage is mainly used for power distribution and transmission, especially in urban and rural power distribution systems. It is suitable for shorter-distance power transmission and can meet the power needs of cities and villages. In contrast, high voltage is mainly used for long-distance power transmission, transmitting power from power plants to more distant areas through high-voltage lines, and is suitable for areas with large power demand or occasions requiring large-scale power supply.

3. Safety and equipment requirements: Due to the difference in voltage levels, high voltage has higher requirements for equipment during transmission and distribution, and needs to be more resistant to high voltage, safer and more reliable. At the same time, high voltage electricity has higher transmission efficiency, which can reduce energy loss during power transmission, improve the efficiency of energy transmission, and ensure the stable operation of the power system. The main differences between medium voltage electricity and high voltage electricity are their voltage levels, application scenarios, and corresponding equipment and safety requirements. Medium voltage electricity is suitable for short-distance power transmission and distribution, while high voltage electricity is suitable for long-distance power transmission and large-scale power supply, with higher efficiency and safety.

The main differences between rubber cables and polyvinyl chloride cables are materials, performance characteristics and application fields.

1. Material differences: Rubber cables are made of rubber, which are soft and have good high temperature and corrosion resistance; while polyvinyl chloride cables are made of polyvinyl chloride resin, which are relatively cheap and easy to produce.

2. Performance characteristics differences: Rubber cables have good wear resistance, weather resistance and high temperature resistance; polyvinyl chloride cables have good electrical insulation, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

3. Application field differences: Rubber cables are widely used in industrial equipment, household appliances and other fields, such as high-temperature electric furnaces, power tools, etc.; polyvinyl chloride cables are widely used in construction, home decoration, communications and other fields, such as building wires, communication cables, etc. In summary, rubber cables and polyvinyl chloride cables each have their own unique advantages and application scenarios, and the selection needs to be considered according to specific needs.

Features of rubber cable:

• Material: The conductor and insulation layer of rubber cable are usually made of rubber material, which has good oil resistance, acid and alkali resistance, wear resistance and high temperature resistance.

• Structure: It is generally composed of multiple strands of wires, and the wires are isolated by rubber insulation layer.

• Application: It is often used in industrial environments where durability and wear resistance are required, such as mines, construction sites, etc. It can also be used under indoor and outdoor conditions. In addition to not being used in industry, it can also be used in agricultural electrification.

Features of RVV cable:

• Material: The conductor of RVV cable is usually made of multiple strands of bare copper wire, and the insulation layer is made of PVC material, which has good insulation performance and mechanical strength.

• Structure: It is composed of multiple strands of bare copper wire, and the wires are isolated by PVC insulation layer, and it also contains flame retardant layer and sheath layer.

• Application: It is often used in indoor household appliances, electronic equipment and other occasions, and is also suitable for laying in bridges and hoses. It is the most commonly used cable in weak current systems.

‌Pros and cons comparison‌:

•‌Rubber cable‌:

•‌Advantages‌: It has good oil resistance, acid and alkali resistance, wear resistance and high temperature resistance, suitable for harsh environments.

•‌Disadvantages‌: It is relatively hard and not suitable for flexible use places.

•‌RVV cable‌:

•‌Advantages‌: It is soft and easy to lay, suitable for various flexible use places.

•‌Disadvantages‌: The oil resistance, acid and alkali resistance are not as good as rubber cable.

‌Selection suggestions‌:

Choose according to the specific application scenario: If it needs to be used in harsh environments, such as industrial environments, construction sites, etc., rubber cable is a better choice; if it needs to be used in indoor household appliances, electronic equipment and other occasions, RVV cable is more suitable.

1. Material problem: If there are quality problems with the cable sheath material itself, such as poor material stability or unstable components, bubbles may appear during the production process. For example, if the components of ordinary two-step silane cross-linked polyethylene materials are not mixed evenly, or the proportion of cross-linking agent and a small amount of antioxidant is not appropriate, bubbles may appear in the sheath during extrusion.

2. Improper temperature control during production: If the temperature control during production is not appropriate, such as local temperature control is too high, or the extrusion temperature is too high, it may cause plastic scorching or "slipping", which will affect the uniform plasticization and extrusion of the plastic, resulting in bubbles in the sheath.

3. Plastic is moist or contains moisture: If the plastic material used is moist or contains moisture, the moisture may turn into steam at high temperature and form bubbles. Especially during processing, if the excess gas in the plastic is not removed or it is processed in a humid environment, bubbles may appear in the sheath.

The conductor material of copper core cables is mainly pure copper, which has excellent conductivity and low resistivity, and can ensure high cable transmission efficiency. Pure copper has very good conductivity, which can effectively reduce power loss and improve the efficiency and reliability of cable use. In addition, copper also has good magnetic conductivity and anti-electromagnetic interference performance, which helps to increase the service life of the cable. Therefore, in order to improve the performance and reliability of the cable, you can request a higher copper content in the demand form when placing an order.

The production cost of Shuobang Cable is relatively low, which is mainly due to the advantages of raw material procurement, production technology and labor costs, forming an efficient supply chain system, which enables Shuobang Cable to enter the international market at a more competitive price.